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Chapter 4 225

Calibration

Vector-Mixer Calibration

4. Calibration

analyzer on which vector calibration has been performed and then connect an OPEN,

SHORT or LOAD standard to the end of the IF filter to start reflection measurement. The

signals measured at the test port include the reflection signal from the mixer’s RF port, the

IF signal (IF+) converted by the mixer and then reflected by the IF filter, and the IF signal

(IF-) passing through the IF filer and then reflected by the calibration standard.

The characteristics of the calibration mixer can be described in a 1-port error model, and

each error item can be determined from Γ

, Γ

, and Γ

, which are obtained in the

reflection measurement of individual standards.

Figure 4-66 Characteristics evaluation of calibration mixer (with IF filter)

NOTE The calibration mixer must be reciprocal. The term “reciprocal” means the magnitude and

phase of the conversion loss are equal both in the forward and reverse directions. The

forward conversion loss occurs during the measurement of the output signal at the IF port

while inputting measurement signals into the RF port. In contrast, the reverse conversion

loss occurs during measurement of the output signal at the RF port while inputting

measurement signals into the IF port.

NOTE For precise calibration, the conversion loss in each direction must be less than 10 dB using

a calibration mixer and IF filter in combination. Exceeding 15 dB of the conversion loss in

any direction may deteriorate the calibration accuracy significantly.

Characterizing procedure for calibration mixer (with IF filter)

The E5070B/E5071B has a pre-installed VBA macro (Vector Mixer Characterization) for

characterizing the calibration mixer with an IF filter.

Storage Folder VBA Macro (Project Name)

D:\Agilent MixerCharacterization.vba

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