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Making Measurements 4
N9340A User’s Guide 47
Measuring a Low-Level Signal
This section provides information on measuring
low-level signals and distinguishing them from
spectrum noise. There are four main useful
techniques to measure a low- level signal:
Reducing Input Attenuation
The ability to measure a low- level signal is limited
by the internally generated noise in the spectrum
analyzer.
The input attenuator affects the level of a signal
passing through the analyzer. If a signal is very
close to the noise floor, reducing input attenuation
will bring the signal out of the noise.
1 Preset the analyzer:
2 Input a signal (1 GHz, –80 dBm) to the analyzer
RF input connector.
3 Set the center frequency, span and reference
level:
• Press [FREQ] > {Center Freq} > 1 > {GHz}
• Press [SPAN] > 5 > {MHz}
• Press [AMPTD] > {Ref Level} > –40 > {dBm}
4 Move the desired peak (in this example, 1 GHz)
to the center of the display:
• Press [MARKER] > {Peak Search}
• Press [MARKER] > {Marker To} > {To Center}
Figure 6 A signal closer to the noise level (Atten:10 dB)
- User’s Guide 1
- 2
- Contents 3
- 5 Key Reference 4
- 6 SCPI Command Reference 4
- 7Error Messages 5
- 8 Menu Map 5
- Documentation Conventions: 5
- Overview 7
- Introduction 8
- Optimized Usability 9
- Front Panel Overview 10
- Top Panel Overview 11
- 15:44:03 03,10,08 12
- Instrument Markings 13
- 1Overview 14
- 8 N9340A User’s Guide 14
- Getting Started 15
- Safety Considerations 17
- 1 Getting Started 18
- 12 N9340A User’s Guide 18
- Power Requirements 19
- AC Power Cords 20
- Environmental Requirements 21
- Electrical Requirements 21
- Working with Batteries 22
- Charging a Battery 23
- Power on your N9340A 24
- • turn off backlight 25
- • turn off screen display 25
- Entering Data 27
- Some Helpful Tips 29
- Saving Multiple Test Setups 30
- Upgrading Firmware 31
- Adding an option 31
- System Setting 33
- Visual and Audio Adjustment 34
- Ext Input 36
- Quick saving a setup 37
- Quick recalling a setup 37
- Parameters) 37
- File Types 38
- Saving a file 39
- Viewing file list 40
- Deleting a file 41
- Loading a file 41
- Show System 42
- Show Error 43
- Factory Default Settings 45
- 4System Setting 46
- 40 N9340A User’s Guide 46
- Making Measurements 47
- Measuring Multiple Signals 48
- Directional 50
- Signal generator 50
- Resolving Small Signals 52
- Hidden by Large Signals 52
- Measuring a Low-Level Signal 53
- Increased Sweep Time 56
- Trace Av eragi ng 57
- One-button Power Measurement 65
- Measuring ACPR 66
- Measuring Channel Power 67
- Channel Bandwidth 68
- Low-pass Filter 71
- N9340A 73
- Making Measurements 4 75
- N9340A User’s Guide 69 75
- Calibration Routine 76
- 4 Making Measurements 82
- 76 N9340A User’s Guide 82
- Key Reference 83
- Amplitude 84
- Scale/DIV 85
- Scale Type 85
- Ref Offset 86
- Y Axis Units 86
- Spectrum Analyzer 87
- Track ing G ener ator 87
- Amptd Step 88
- Amptd Offset 88
- Normalize 88
- Power Meter 90
- Meas Disp 91
- Meas Setup 92
- Avg Type 96
- In non-zero spans: 98
- In zero span: 98
- In FFT Mode 99
- Sweep Mode 99
- Single Sweep 100
- CAU-CAUTION 102
- Frequency 103
- Peak Search 107
- • Freq Count 108
- Marker Trace 109
- Last Span 111
- Clear Write 112
- Max Hold 112
- Minimum Hold 113
- Detector 113
- Save Trace 116
- Recall Trace 116
- Limit Line 117
- Limit Pattern 117
- Set Pattern 117
- Limit Type 117
- Save Pattern 118
- Recall Pattern 118
- SCPI Command Reference 119
- SCPI Language Basics 120
- Basic Knowledge Requirement 121
- Command Categories 121
- Command Syntax 121
- Standard Notations 122
- Default unit of parameters 123
- Common Commands 124
- CALCulate Subsystem 125
- Control Limit line Buzzer 126
- Control Limit Line Testing 126
- Set Limit Line Y-axis value 126
- Control Limit Pattern Testing 127
- Define Limit Pattern Values 128
- CALCulate:MARKer Subsection 129
- Marker Function 130
- Marker Mode 131
- Marker On/Off 132
- Marker to Trace 132
- Marker readout: X Value 133
- Marker readout: Y Value 133
- DEMOdulation Subsystem 134
- DISPlay Subsystem 135
- Vertical Axis Scaling 137
- Display Mode 137
- Contrast 138
- Brightness 138
- INITiate Subsystem 139
- Select One button measurement 140
- MEASure Subsystem 141
- ACPR Subsection 142
- Low Adjacent Channel Power 143
- Upper Adjacent Channel Power 143
- Channel Power Subsection 144
- SENSe Subsystem 145
- Turn Averaging On/Off 146
- Set the Average Count 146
- [:SENSe]:BANDwidth Subsection 147
- Video Bandwidth Automatic 148
- [:SENSe]:DETector Subsection 149
- FREQuency Subsection 150
- Center Frequency Step Size 151
- Frequency Span 151
- Full Frequency Span 151
- Zero Frequency Span 151
- Last Frequency Span 152
- Start Frequency 152
- Stop Frequency 152
- [:SENSe]:POWer Subsection 153
- SWEep Subsection 154
- SYSTem Subsystem 155
- TRACe Subsystem 156
- Tracking Generator Subsystem 157
- Amplitude Step 158
- Amplitude Offset 158
- Storing as reference 158
- Normalization 159
- Normalization Reference Level 159
- Reference Trace 160
- TRIGer Subsystem 161
- UNIT Subsystem 162
- Error Messages 163
- Error Message List 164
- Menu Map 167
- 8Menu Map 168
- 162 N9340A User’s Guide 168
- Menu Map 8 169
- N9340A User’s Guide 163 169
- 164 N9340A User’s Guide 170
- N9340A User’s Guide 165 171
- 166 N9340A User’s Guide 172
- N9340A User’s Guide 167 173
- 168 N9340A User’s Guide 174
- N9340A User’s Guide 169 175
- 170 N9340A User’s Guide 176
- *N9340-90001* 179
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