Agilent Technologies ENA Series Betriebsanweisung PDF herunterladen (Seite 4)

To perform TRL/LRM calibration, you need to prepare calibration standards that meet the

following requirements:

Through (zero-length, or non-zero-length through)

Zero-length through

- S21 and S12 are defined as equal to 1.

- S11 and S22 are defined as equal to zero.

Non-zero-length through

- Z0 of the through and lines must be the same.

- Attenuation need not be known.

- Accurate electrical length must be known to set the reference plane.

Reflect (short, or open termination)

- Reflection coefficient magnitude (optimally 1.0) need not be known.

- Phase of the reflection coefficient must be specified within 1/4 wavelength or +/-90 degrees.

- Must be the same reflection coefficient on all ports.

Line (transmission line)

- Electrical length need only be specified within 1/4 wavelength.

- Cannot be the same length as the through. Difference between the through and lines must be between 20

degrees and 160 degrees.

- Optimal line length is 1/4 wavelength or 90 degrees relative to the through at the center frequency.

- Usable bandwidth for a single line standard is 8:1 (frequency span : start frequency).

- Attenuation need not be known.

Match (load termination)

- Must be the same Z0 on all ports.

- Z0 of the match standard establishes the reference impedance of the measurement.

For more detailed information on the requirements for TRL/LRM standards, refer to the following documents.

- Product Note 8510-8A, “Agilent Network Analysis Applying the 8510 TRL Calibration for Non-Coaxial

Measurements”, PN 5091-3645E

- Product Note 8720-2, “In-fixture Microstrip Device Measurements Using TRL* Calibration”, PN

5091-1943E

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Agilent Technologies ENA Series Betriebsanweisung Seite 4