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Applications
Optical Component Test Applications
Gigabit Ethernet and Fibre Channel
Fiber optic technology is increasingly being adopted into short reach
applications such as Ethernet-LAN and computer-peripherals interfacing
to allow maximum data transfer rates in segments like Gigabit Ethernet
(GbE) and Fibre Channel (FC). Accompanying progress in IEEE
standardization, manufacturers have been developing and commercializing
optical components to serve the needs of these segments.
It is a common goal of the industry to minimize the price of the optical
components, especially optical transceivers, in order to speed up
their adoption. This creates a price competitive situation in the market
and demands improvements in component manufacturability.
These short-reach segments typically use multimode fiber, with signal
wavelengths of 850 or 1310 nm. Multimode transmission at high data
rates is possible over these shorter distances and helps to reduce costs
and simplify installation and maintenance.
Optimizing test and measurement allows improvement of throughput and
yield to reduce cost of sales. As manufacturing matures, key specification
parameters are only evaluated in fully automated systems, even using
“plug-and-play” production lines to further lower operation costs.
An example for an optimized test system for optical transceivers is
shown in Figure 1.
Tx/Rx Test Frequency Resp. Test
Figure 1. GbE and FC Solution
Passive Optical Network
The last mile of telecommunications fiber deployment to the home and
office, fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) and premises (FTTP), is today being
achieved with passive optical networks (PON). Broadband service above
100 Mb/s is now privately used at an affordable price range of
<100$/month. The dream of broadband access is coming true. Fiber optic
technology provides voice, data and even video over a single fiber.
The Passive Optical Network (PON), as standardized by the ITU, provides
bi-directional operation from multiple optical network units (ONU), located
at or close to the users, to an optical line terminal (OLT) at the provider
end of the network. Splitters are used to distribute the connection to all
of the ONU, which take turns communicating with the OLT. The transmitter
at the customer side uses a wavelength near 1310nm, while signals to
the customer are at 1490 or 1550nm or both.
Characterization of basic components such as the transmitter and
receiver of the ONU and ONT assures proper performance of the network.
The physical layer test of the ONU and OLT is illustrated in Figure 2,
where the device performance in the network is simulated. A combination
of spectral and amplitude characterization of CW signals (like Tx power
and wavelength or filter isolation), time-domain measurements (rise/fall
time, extinction ratio) and bit-error rate for overall performance provides
a complete test environment for the transceiver modules of the ONU
and OLT.
ONU/ONT Module Functional Test
Figure 2. PON Solution
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